What does 'specific gravity' indicate in urine validity testing?

What does 'specific gravity' indicate in urine validity testing?

• A. The urine’s pH level.
• B. The presence of glucose.
• C. The temperature of urine.
• D. The urine’s concentration; extreme SG values suggest dilution or adulteration.

Answer: (D)

Specific gravity measures how concentrated the urine is by comparing its density to that of water, reflecting how many dissolved solutes are present such as urea, electrolytes, and other compounds. In urine validity testing, this tells you about sample integrity: very low values point to dilution (water or adulterants that lower solute content), while very high values point to concentration or the use of substances that raise solute density. The typical range for urine is roughly 1.005 to 1.030, and values outside this range raise flags about validity. So the key idea is that specific gravity indicates urine concentration, and extreme values suggest dilution or adulteration.

Specific gravity measures how concentrated the urine is by comparing its density to that of water, reflecting how many dissolved solutes are present such as urea, electrolytes, and other compounds. In urine validity testing, this tells you about sample integrity: very low values point to dilution (water or adulterants that lower solute content), while very high values point to concentration or the use of substances that raise solute density. The typical range for urine is roughly 1.005 to 1.030, and values outside this range raise flags about validity. So the key idea is that specific gravity indicates urine concentration, and extreme values suggest dilution or adulteration.